Understanding Stock Photo Licensing

Using professional stock photography is a quick and easy way to create professional and polished desktop publishing projects such as flyers, brochures, postcards and newsletters. The Internet has made millions of professional photos available to the public for very reasonable prices, and some are even free. But before you start downloading, there are a few things you need to understand about using stock images and photographs. This article will discuss general licensing information for stock photography.

Understanding Licensing
Almost all professional stock photos, free or paid have copyright protection or usage rules associated with them. A copyright protects the creator's "original works" such as books, art, photography, movies and software. The copyright protects the work from unauthorized copying, distribution and modifications for a specific amount of time.

Copyright Licenses for Images
There are four main types of copyright licenses associated with stock photos and images. These licenses control how the images can be used once images are obtained or purchased.

Rights Managed (RM)
Rights managed copyright licenses allow you to purchase a photo for one particular project. The terms of use are specified in the licensing agreement. RM licenses can be expensive, ranging from several hundred to several thousand dollars, depending on the image size and usage.

Royalty Free (RF)
Royalty free copyright licenses allow you to use a photo for multiple projects, for a one-time fee. Many RF photos are even available for free. With RF images, you usually have the right to use it as often as you want, for as long as you need. Be careful, though. Even though the photos have liberal usage, there are often some restrictions. Usage guidelines and restrictions vary depending on which website you obtain RF files. Make sure you check the terms of usage for each site where you purchase your photos. There are many websites that sell RF images, with prices ranging from less than 1 dollar up to several hundred dollars, depending on the size and resolution of the image.

Creative Commons
Creative Commons licenses are used by artists to share their work and to increase the amount of items available for free, public use. The Creative Commons license does not take away a person's copyright, so make sure you familiarize yourself with license rules before you use the image. The popular website Flickr has thousands of creative commons photos available.

Public Domain
Public domain images are images where the copyright has expired, or never had copyright protection. They can also be photos where the owner has released the work into the public domain. Many government websites have public domain licenses, just be sure to read the usage terms first.

Understanding copyright and licensing can be a little confusing at first, but once you do, you can feel confident using professional images in you printed and web materials.

Kimberly Gibson writes for DesktopPublishingBusiness.com. DesktopPublishingBusiness.com provides beginner desktop publishers and small business owners useful information, tips, tutorials, and videos on Desktop Publishing, including articles on Understanding Stock Photo Licensing and Stock Photo Websites.

Are Facebook Photos Public Property?

Facebook's terms of service expressly state that by uploading any kind of content, whether in the form of photos or material, you are automatically assigning copyright control to Facebook. All photos you upload to Facebook therefore become the property of Facebook. This means that Facebook can sell copies of photos posted by you without paying you any form of profit. Whenever you share photos with your Facebook friends you are giving up ownership of any intellectual property rights you may own in the photos you upload.

This applies whether or not you post the photos to a publicy accessible area of Facebook or not. By posting photos to any area of the Facebook site you are granting an irrevocable, perpetual, non-exclusive global licence, including the right to sub-licence, use, copy, publicly perform, reformat, translate, distribute and the right to make derivative works of the photos to Facebook. When you decide to remove the content that licence may not necessarily terminate and Facebook have the right to retain archived copies of material posted.

This is the reason some subscribers choose to upload smaller photos to Facebook, namely to deter people re-using them, as smaller photos will be of lower quality and grainy in appearance. However you need to remember that whenever you upload a full-sized photo you are granting Facebook the right to save a copy of the photo on their servers, which they are then free to modify and adapt.

If you still choose to upload your photos to Facebook, ensure that the images you upload are resized low resolution photos which to reduce the prospect of them being re-printed or re-used in ads. If you upload the original size photos, Facebook have the right to use your photos for any commercial purposes without giving you any credit or compensating you.

The only foolproof solution for those who do not want to lose control over their photos is not to upload them in the first place. People often post their photos to their blogs or to a photo sharing website such as Flickr to retain ownership of their photos. However, in reality once photos are posted on the internet and available for viewing by anyone, they are in the public domain.

Anything posted on publicly accessible areas of the internet becomes a public record. Determining what areas of the internet are public and what areas are private isn't straightforward. Having control over the ownership of the property in your photos won't necessarily guarantee that your photos will remain private once posted on the internet.

Whilst you can set your privacy settings on Facebook so only your friends can see photos you upload, there are numerous ways people can circumvent these protections. There is no guarantee that you can ensure the privacy of your photos on Facebook via the use of privacy settings.

It is safer to assume that whenever you post photos anywhere on the web people can acquire and use them for purposes which you would not consent to and which could be embarrassing and illegal. Photos are often be stolen on the internet and used for the purposes of identity theft or pornography without the subject and/or owner ever being aware.

If you wish to share photos on the internet it is preferable to use a secure private network in which content is encrypted and served using peer to peer technology. Whenever data is stored on a central server it is susceptible to being hacked.

Often photos are uploaded onto Facebook without the person uploading them even having lawful ownership of the copyright in the photos. It is naive to think that Facebook or other social networking sites have the time to check the copyright status of every image that is posted on their site or is copied and pasted from their site to another site on the internet.
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Wherever photos you post on Facebook contain images of other persons, it is advisable to obtain a release from the subjects in the photographs. There are many situations where photos are posted on Facebook which are not the subject of copyright ownership by the person who posted them.

In order to have such photos removed a person must apply to Facebook or obtain a Court order. This may involve proving that the offending image infringes Facebook's terms of service or the common law.

For more information and resources on cyberlaw and ecommerce visit http://www.pacelegal.com.au/